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Objective:To observe the protective effect of forsythiaside A on acute lung injury (ALI) in septic rats.Methods:Male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into normal control group, sham operation group, sepsis model group, and forsythiaside A intervention group, with 10 rats in each group. The rats in the normal control group did not receive any intervention; the rats in the sham operation group only underwent abdominal surgery; and those in the model group and forsythiaside A intervention group received cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) to establish the sepsis rat model. The rats in the forsythiaside A intervention group were given 75 mL/kg of forsythiaside A within 0.5 hour after operation, and repeated after 6 hours. The rats in the sham operation group and model group were given the same amount of normal saline at the same time points. The lung tissues were collected for pathological examination 12 hours after operation. The lung homogenate was prepared, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukins (IL-1β, IL-6). The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) was detected by xanthine oxidase method, and the content of malonaldehyde (MDA) was detected by colorimetry. The expression of nuclear factor-κB p65 (NF-κB p65) was detected by Western blotting.Results:There was no significant pathological change of lung tissue in both normal control group and sham operation group, and there was no significant difference in each parameter between the two groups. The rats in the model group had interstitial infiltration of inflammatory cells, alveolar structure destruction, alveolar septum thicken, extensive alveolar hemorrhage, telangiectasia; the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, MDA and NF-κB p65 protein expression in lung tissue were significantly higher than those in the normal control group and sham operation group [TNF-α (ng/L): 132.81±16.15 vs. 45.08±5.98, 46.10±6.72, IL-1β (ng/L): 137.32±15.22 vs. 51.03±7.89, 50.92±8.13; IL-6 (ng/L): 138.39±14.28 vs. 51.68±7.03, 52.48±7.36; MDA (kU/g): 1.79±0.13 vs. 0.96±0.05, 0.97±0.05; NF-κB p65 protein (NF-κB p65/GAPDH): 2.82±0.23 vs. 1.76±0.12, 1.82±0.13; all P < 0.05], the activity of SOD decreased significantly (kU/g: 45.90±5.46 vs. 92.11±10.13, 93.36±10.56, both P < 0.05). The changes in lung histopathology in the forsythiaside A intervention group were obviously improved as compared with the model group, which showed less inflammatory cell infiltration, less alveolar septum thickening, less bleeding and more intact structures; the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, MDA and the expression of NF-κB p65 protein in lung tissue were significantly lower than those in the model group [TNF-α (ng/L): 72.48±9.78 vs. 132.81±16.15, IL-1β (ng/L): 83.85±12.46 vs. 137.32±15.22, IL-6 (ng/L): 81.88±11.89 vs. 138.39±14.28, MDA (kU/L): 1.29±0.09 vs. 1.79±0.13, NF-κB p65 protein (NF-κB p65/GAPDH): 2.29±0.19 vs. 2.82±0.23, all P < 0.05], SOD activity increased significantly (kU/g: 66.03±7.98 vs. 45.90±5.46, P < 0.05). Conclusions:Forsythiaside A can effectively alleviate ALI in septic rats. The mechanism may be related to down-regulate the expression of NF-κB p65 and reduce the level of inflammatory factors and free radicals in lung tissue, thereby against acute lung injury in septic rats.
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Objective@#To investigate the associations of reallocating sedentary time to different activity behaviors with body composition, and to provide a reference for prevention and control of childhood obesity.@*Methods@#By using cluster random sampling, 1 621 students from 5 urban primary school in Guangzhou were selected in 2017. Vigorous intensity physical activity (VPA), moderate intensity physical activity (MPA), walking, sedentary behavior, and sleeping were measured by self-reported questionnaire. Inbody 230 was used to assess body composition. Multiple linear regression models were applied to examine isotemporal substitution effect of activity behaviors.@*Results@#In younger children group (aged 6-9 years), replacing 30 min/day sedentary with VPA was associated with a 0.9% lower fat-free mass index(FFMI)(β=0.11, P=0.00). In older children group (aged 10-12 years), replacing 30 min/day sedentary with VPA was associated with a 1.0% lower FFMI(β=0.13, P=0.04); replacing 30 min/day sedentary to walking was associated with both a 2.9% lower percentage of body fat(PBF)(β=-0.65, P<0.01) and a 4.0% lower fat mass index(FMI)(β=-0.18, P=0.00).@*Conclusion@#Replacing sedentary with other intensities of physical activity is crucial for improving fatness status among children aged 6 to 12 years, especially among children aged 10 to 12 years. This current study suggests that children should increase physical activity while reducing sedentary for reducing risk of childhood obesity.
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Objective@#To investigate the independent and joint associations of physical activity and sedentary behavior with 20 m shuttle run test (20 m SRT) performance among children.@*Methods@#Using cluster random sampling method, a total of 1 144 children aged 6-12 years from 1 urban primary school in Guangzhou were selected and completed the questionnaire survey, physical examination, and 20 m SRT. Physical activity and sedentary behavior were collected through questionnaire. Poor performance on 20 m SRT run test was defined as standard Z score ≤0, which was calculated according to gender, age-specific mean and standard deviation. Based on moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) (≥60 min/d, 30-<60 min/d, or <30 min/d) and sedentary behavior levels (cut-off point: the gender, age-specific 50th percentile value), all participants were divided into six subgroups. Multiple linear regression and Logistic regression were used to analyze the independent and joint associations of physical activity and sedentary behavior with 20 m SRT performance, respectively.@*Results@#Low level of physical activity (β=-2.99, P<0.05) and high sedentary behavior (β=-1.75, P<0.05) were independently correlated with lower 20 m SRT performance. Compared with the reference group (MVPA≥60 min/d and low sedentary behavior), the risk for low performance on 20 m SRT was higher in those with MVPA<30 min/d, or those with high sedentary behavior. The risk for poor performance on 20 m SRT was gradually elevated with decreased physical activity levels in combination with higher level of sedentary behavior(P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#Physical activity and sedentary behavior were independently related to 20 m SRT performance among children. There is a clear does-response association, with elevated risks for poor performance on 20 m SRT with decreased physical activity levels in combination with higher level of sedentary behavior.
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Objective To observe the pulmonary inflammation and oxidative stress in rats with cecal ligation and puncture sepsis. Methods The male rats in 8 weeks were randomly divided into control group, sham operation group and model group,The ALI model of sepsis was prepared by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). In order to achieve the effect of experimental observation, the rats were killed after the operation 12 h, and the lung tissue HE staining analysis was performed, and the levels of MPO and MDA were observed. Results The degree of lung injury and the levels of MPO and MDA in the model group were significantly higher than those in the control group and the sham operation group (P < 0.01).Conclusion Rats with cecal ligation and puncture sepsis model can well simulate sepsis inflammatory response and oxidative stress.